Tuesday, September 13, 2016

Battle of Scharding (Part 1)

Since I have so many Bavarians, I need battles for them to fight. Here is something I could work from  that I found in the Digital Archives Marburg. It is the bombardment of Schardingen, 25-27 Aug 1703. This is not the Schardingen in lower Saxony that you'll find with a Google search. Note that the river is the Inn and the roads are going to Neuburg and Passau. So, this engagement was at the modern town of Schaerding in Austria.


The original title is "Entwurf der Churbeyerischen Vestung Schardingen wie dieselbe vom 25. Aug. Abends um 10 Uhr bis den 27. Dito Morgens um 2 Uhr  [1703] von denen Kayserlichen unter Kommando vom H. General Major von Revenklau ist bombardirt worden"

General Major von Revenklau is most likely Christian Detlev Graf von Reventlow, a Danish general who briefly was in Imperial service.


It appears that units are represented as one block per battalion or squadron. Regiments of cuirassiers are colored in yellow. Dragoons are blue. Infantry is red. It appears that only the Imperial forces are depicted on the map, including a number of Danish auxiliary units that were quickly hired at the start of hostilities.

The units across the top of the map, from left to right, appear to be:
  1. "Pr: Hanov: Curas". This is most likely the Austrian regiment: Prinz Hannover Cuirassiers, and there are four squadrons deployed there. (Tessin: Imperial 1672/1).
  2. "Marcus Aarnberg". I'm not sure who this infantry battalion is.
  3. "Bagny". This must be Feldzugmeister Graf Scipio Bagni's regiment. (Tessin: Imperial 1672/8)
  4. "Revenklau". This battalion may be the Austrian regiment of Graf Christian Detlef Reventlau (Tessin: Imperial 1694/1), but so far, I'm finding it spent the early part of the war in Italy. Maybe this engagement was on the way south?
  5. "Dittmar". These four squadrons are colored as dragoons, but I think this is the unit usually known as Dithmersen Kurassiere, commanded by Nikolai Henrik Ditmersen. (Tessin: Denmark 1702/1). They really only became cuirassiers in 1704 or later.
  6. "Hermanstein". This battalion may be Herberstein, but I just don't know yet.
  7. "Enten Dan". These battalions may be von Emden's/Ende/Enden's Danish regiment (aka 4th Regiment), commanded by Christian Vollrath von Eyndten. (Tessin: Denmark 1702/2)
  8. "Schlick Drag". This must be four squadrons of the Schlick Dragoons (Tessin: Imperial 1688/1)
In front of this arced line of troops are three batteries formed for the bombardment. "D" marks a battery of 16 cannon. "E" is another battery of 4 cannon. "F" is a battery of 4 mortars. In advance of the batteries, and also placed to cut off communications on the other side of the river, are six posts of (something illegible) marked "C".

Look across the bottom, and some of the same units appear, too:
  1. "Schlick Drag". One squadron detached as part of the covering force on the right bank of the Inn.
  2. "Meltzahn M....". Who?
  3. "Dittmar Dan.". Another detached squadron.
  4. "Gutenstein". A battalion of the regiment of  FML Graf Wenzel Guttenstein. This fits with the note in August Kuhn's pamphlet on the Austrian forces that states one battalion of the regiment was in Bavaria in 1703, while the rest was in Italy. This battalion was also at Marquartstein and the storming of Neuburg. (Tessin: Imperial 1685/2)
  5. "Pr: Hanov: Curas:". Another detached squadron
In addition to this, Pelet and Vault, volume 3, references a battle at Scharding, where General Schlick (Graf Leopold Schlik)
commanded the Imperials against the Elector of Bavaria himself. Schlik's force amounted to about 10,000 men. One account puts the battle on the 10th of March, a second one the 11th, and another on the 14th. These three accounts merit a little closer reading and working out the full translation. That is for another posting.

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